Hair waving pad



Nov. 7, 1939. R. L. EVANS El AL 2,178.567

HAIR WAVING PAD Filed Jan. 27, 1956 ATTORNEYS Patented Nov. 7,1939

PATENT OFFICE HAIR. WAVING PAD Ralph Liggett Evans, New York, and Everett Goodrich McDonough, Yonkers, N. Y.

Application January 27, 1936, Serial No. 61,074

This invention relates to exothermic pads, and, in its more specific aspect, to exothermic pads used to impart permanent waves to hair.

Pads of this character are now used to give a both the so-called Croquignole and the socalled spiral types of waves but as heretofore practiced each type of wave required its particular form of pad structure and the same pad structure could not 'be used electively to give either type of wave, Therefore the operator was required to keep in stock a full supply of each form of pad structure necessary to meet the demand for the corresponding type of wave.

Since the exothermic materials contained in the envelopes constituting a part of such pads are subject to deterioration with age it resulted that if the demand were greater than anticipated for one type of wave and less than aniclpated for.

the-other type, the stock in the latter type was liable to become useless, from age, resulting in the possible loss of a customer when this was discovered, as well as the loss of a large part of the stock on hand.

Our invention has for one of its purposes to obviate these defects in prior pad structures. We accomplish this by making the pad structure in separate parts adapted to be assembled in one combination when it is desired to give a spiral wave and in a different combination when it is desired to give a Croquignole wave. For instance, we provide'the backing or wrapper necessary for spiral waving separate from the envelope containing the exothermic material, the two being so designed as to be readily assembled by the operator when it is desired to give the spiral form of wave and the exothermic material containing envelope being so designed that it may be used alone to give a Croquignole wave. A separate absorbent may also be provided for wetting the exothermic 40 material. v

Hence, the same stock of exothermic material containing envelopes may beused for either the spiral or the Croquignole type of wave and the operator need stock only one-half the number of such envelopes while preserving the same flexibility of use afiorded by the double quantity under former practice, thus diminishing correspondingly the chances of deterioration of the exothermic material, the storage space required and the cost of the additional stock.

A further advantage in making the backings or wrappers and envelopes as separate parts resides in the fact that the envelopes are usually rectangular' in shape and, even in spiral winding, it- 65 self, when placed about a short wound tress ofhair the short side of the envelopes may be advantageously placed parallel to the mandrels on which the tresses are wound whereas when the hair is spread out the long side of the envelope is more advantageously placed parallel to the mandrel, which would be impossible were the envelope and backing attached to each other in the usual manner,

A further advantage in our invention resides in the fact that where direct steam contact with the hair is not desired the unperforated face of the envelope may be placed next to the hair.

Moreover, the unperforated face of the envelope being free, it permits markings or notices to be impressed thereon, thus dispensing with the necessity of labels. One or both faces may be embossed which further facilitates the impression of markings thereon and the projections and indentations of the embossing also tend to prevent slippingand uneven distribution of the chemical mixture in the envelope.

Furthermore, the elimination of the necessity of assembling the parts and of attaching the envelopes to the backings and the separate abvosrbent sheets, if'employed, to the envelopes, has

the important advantage of very materially lowering the manufacturing costs.

Shipment is also very materially facilitated since a large 'quantity of backings or'wrappers which do not deteriorate and which take relatively little space can be packed separately to better advantagethan when they are attached to the exothermic material containing envelopes which are of materially smaller size and thicker.

It can be easily appreciated that a chemical or chemical mixture that generates heat when moistened would be influenced by the presence of moisture in the atmosphere. In this respect this isolated heating unit ofiers several advantages.

First. It is possible to pack the envelopes into air-tight containers directly after they are filled. This does not allow the long exposure to atmospheric moisture necessary when the filled envelopes are used as a part of an assembled pad.

Second. The air-tight container can be made with a minimum amount of excess air space. Also this smaller container has shipping advantages, less bulk and a more compact package, and storage advantages.

Third. Elimination from the container of moisture containing and moisture absorbing materials such as parchment, flannel and paper.

A further advantage to be noted is that the envelope may be perforated and a sealing flap eliminated without endangering the chemical or chemical mixture heating capacity through moisture absorption, since the perforated envelopes can be so packed that theimpervious backing of one envelope serves as a seal over the perforated face of the adjacent envelope.

It thus is clear that our invention has resulted in great advantages in the simplification of design and facility and cost of manufacture and use, while affording many other advantages over prior pad constructions.

Practical embodiments of our invention are shown by way of exemplification in the accompanying drawing in which:

Fig. 1 is an exploded inside plan view of the wrapper, the envelope containing exothermic material and the absorbent adapted when assembled to constitute a pad construction for spiral waving;

Fig. 2 is a similar view with the parts assembled for giving a spiral wave;

Fig. 3 is a cross section on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 shows in similar cross section a. slightly modified form in which the envelope itself constitutes the absoi oent;

' Fig. 5 shows in cross section a metal foil envelope having embossed faces and one side perforated for the admission of water;

Fig. 6 shows a package of wrappers assembled separate from the envelopes for shipment;

Fig. 7 shows a package of envelopes assembled for separate shipment.

Referring to the drawing there is shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3 an outer wrapper l of any suitable material suchas parchment paper folded upon itself to form an inner fold 2. Preferably attached to the inner fold is a sheet of metal foil 3. At 4 is shown an envelope containing exothermic material which when wetted generates heat. This envelope is shown as provided with perforations 5 in one face thereof through which moisture is adapted to' pass and at 6 is shown an absorbent which when wetted is placed across the perforated face of the envelope.

The wrapper comprising its outer and inner parts I and 2 together with the foil sheet 3 attached thereto constitute a unitary wrapper structure separate from the envelope which in turn may conveniently be made separate from the absorbent 6. It results from this structure that when it is desired to give a spiral wave the parts may be assembled by the operator in the positions shown in Figs. 2 and 3 and when it is desired to give a Croquignole wave the envelope containing exothermic material and the absorbent alone are used.

In Fig. 4 the envelope 1 is shown as made of absorbent material which is adapted when, wetted to transfer its moisture to the exothermic material within the envelope and thereby generate heat. A separate absorbent in this modification is not employed.

Fig. 5 shows an envelope of metal foil provided with perforations 5 in one face for the admission of moisture and with embossings 8 on both faces on which may be impressed any design, trade-mark, or other notice. This embossing also tends to prevent shifting of the chemical mixture.

Fig. 6 shows a plurality of wrappers assembled in a package 9 for shipment and Fig. 57 shows a plurality of envelopes containing exothermic material assembled in a separate package l0 for shipment. It may be observed that in each case there is a minimum of space occupied both by the plurality of wrappers and by the plurality of envelopes which would be impossible were the wrappers and envelopes assembled as complete units in one package. It is further obvious that by putting the envelopes in a preferably sealed air-tight and moisture-proof container they will be preserved against deterioration with the maximum of efficiency as hereinbefore pointed out.

It is evident that various changes may be resorted to in the construction, form, and arrangement of the several parts without departing from the spirit and scope of our invention, hence we do not wish to limit ourselves to the particular embodiments herein set forth, but what we claim is:

1. In a combination Croquignole and spiral pad construction, a wrapper comprising a sheet of non-absorbent material folded over on itself to form an inner and outer sheet, a sheet of heat conducting material attached to said inner sheet; an envelope having a perforated face and containing exothermic material, separate from said wrapper and said sheet of heat conducting material; and a separate absorbent sheet adapted to be wetted and superposed upon the perforated face of said envelope.

2. In a combination Croquignole and spiral pad construction, a wrapper comprising a sheet of non-absorbent material, a sheet of heat conducting material attached to said wrapper; an envelope containing exothermic material, separate fromsaid wrapper and said sheet of heat conducting material; and a separate absorbent sheet adapted to be wetted and superposed on said envelope.

3. In a combination Croquignole and spiral pad construction, a wrapper comprising a sheet of non-absorbent material, a sheet of heat conducting material; an envelope containing exothermic material, separate from said wrapper and said sheet of heat conducting material; and a separate absorbent sheet adapted to be wetted and superposed on said envelope.

4. In a combination Croquignole and spiral pad construction, an outer sheet, an envelope, containing exothermic material, separate from said outer sheet; and an absorbent sheet separate from said outer sheet and envelope, adapted to be wetted and superposed on said envelope.

5. In a combination Croquignole and spiral pad construction, an outer sheet; a body of exothermic material, separate from said outer sheet; and a separate absorbent sheet, adapted to be wetted and superposed on said body.

6. A self-contained hair waving pad adapted to be applied alone to a wound tress of hair to impart a wave thereto, comprising a body of exothermic material and a sheet of absorbent material separate therefrom adapted to be wetted and superposed thereon, said body of exothermic material and absorbent constituting the sole pad structure.

7. A self-contained hair waving pad adapted to be applied alone to a wound tress of hair to impart a wave thereto, comprising an envelope containing exothermic material and a sheet of absorbent material separate therefrom adapted to be wetted and superposed thereon, said envelope of exothermic material and absorbent constituting the sole pad structure.

8. A self-contained hair waving pad adapted to be applied alone to a wound tress of hair to impart a wave thereto, consisting only of a body of exothermic material provided with enveloping means for absorbing moisture and imparting it to said exothermic material to generate heat for effecting said wave.

9. A self-contained hair waving pad permanently in condition to be applied alone to a wound tress of hair to impart a wave thereto, consisting only of a body of exothermic material provided with a free unperforated foil face and with means for introducing moisture into said material. 4

10. A self-contained hair waving pad adapted to be applied alone to a wound tress of hair to impart a wave thereto, consisting only of an envelope of exothermic material provided with a free unperforated embossed r011 face to retard shifting of the exothermic material.

11. In a combination Croquignole and spiral pad construction, an outer sheet and a sheet of heat conducting material together constituting the wrapper for-a spiral pad combination; and a body of exothermic material, separate from said wrapper, said body of exothermic material being superposable on said Wrapper to effect a spiral wave and being usable alone to effect a Croquignole wave.

12. In a combination Croquignole and spiral pad construction, a wrapper comprising an outer sheet; and a body of exothermic material, separate from said Wrapper, said body of exothermic material being superposable on said-wrapper to eifect a spiral wave and being usable alone to efiect a Croquignole wave.

13. In a combination Crcqulgnole and spiral pad construction, a wrapper comprising a sheet of non-absorbent material; a body of exothermic material separate from said wrapper, having long and short sides respectively, and, for spiral waving, adapted to be placed on said wrapper in position to have its short side presented to a short wound tress of hair, or its long side to a long wound tress of hair, and, for Croqulgnole waving,

adapted to be placed around the wound tress a without said wrapper.

comprising a sheet of non-absorbent material; a body of exothermic material separate from said wrapper, having long and short sides respectively, and adapted to be placed on said wrapper in position to have its short side presented to a short wound tress of hair, or its long side to a long wound tress of hair.

15. A self-contained hair waving pad adapted to be applied alone to a wound tress of hair to impart a. wave thereto, comprising a flat envelope containing exothermic material and a flat sheet of absorbent material substantially co-extensive in area with said envelope but separate therefrom, and adapted to be wetted and superposed thereon, said envelope and absorbent con stituting the sole pad structure when juxtaposed and adapted to be bent as a unit about said tress of hair.

RALPH LIGGEI'I EVANS. EVERETT GOODRICH MCDONOUGH. 

